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Angel Offsets · A Division of Angel Consulting Ltd

High-Integrity Carbon Credits That Protect
Your Business and the Planet

We help companies offset their carbon footprints using the world's most credible, insured, and traceable natural-capital credits — sourced exclusively from our trusted partner, Go Balance.

1.35M
Hectares Protected
105
Communities Supported
636M+
Tonnes CO₂e Issued
Lloyd's
of London Insured
Discover

The Hidden Risk of Cheap Offsets

Most companies buy carbon credits in good faith — but not all credits deliver what they promise. Cheap or poorly verified offsets expose your business to reputational and financial risk that erodes the very value you intended to create.

Customers, investors, and employees now demand proof, not promises. Your reputation depends on what you buy. Angel Offsets ensures your investment delivers real, auditable results — backed by independent insurance and verification.

Lloyd's Insured
PwC Audited
NFS Verified
Northern Trust Registry
What Cheap Credits Often Do
  • Fund projects that would have happened anyway — creating no additional benefit
  • Overestimate or double-count their climate impact
  • Risk your reputation through greenwashing claims
  • Rely on self-reported estimates with no independent data
  • Carry no financial backing or insurance protection
  • Remain opaque, hard to trace and harder to audit

Trust, Transparency, and Tangible Impact

Every Angel Offsets credit is built on four uncompromising pillars that give you a clear chain of proof from forest to your ESG report.

🛰
Scientific Precision
Satellite monitoring from NASA and ESA combined with independent geospatial analysis via Ecometrica. No developer assumptions — only independent data.
NASA · ESA · Ecometrica
🏛
Financial Security
Every credit is fully insured by CFC Underwriting at Lloyd's of London. Insurance automatically transfers with ownership — protecting your investment.
Lloyd's of London
🌿
Community Benefit
The majority of net revenue is reinvested directly into the 105 local communities of Borba, Amazonas — funding healthcare, education, and sustainable livelihoods.
105 Communities
🔗
Full Transparency
Credits registered on Northern Trust's Carbon Ecosystem — an immutable, financial-grade digital ledger. Audited by PwC and Frontierra. Every credit has a clear chain of proof.
Northern Trust · PwC

The Trocano Araretama Project

Our credits are sourced from the Trocano Araretama Jurisdictional REDD+ Project — protecting 1.346 million hectares of pristine Amazon rainforest around Borba, Amazonas, Brazil. Verified under the Natural Forest Standard (NFS), methodology AM001.1b.

A long-term municipal concession running from 2011 to 2054 ensures permanence. The project operates under Municipal By-law No. 113/2013, with full Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) from all 105 communities — renewed in 2019.

1.35M ha
Amazon forest under long-term protection
105
Local communities engaged via FPIC
636M+
Tonnes CO₂e issued (post-buffer)
2011–2054
Long-term municipal concession period
Borba, Amazonas — Brazil
Trocano Araretama · 1.35M Hectares Protected
🌳
Rainforest Protection
Preventing deforestation across 1.35M ha of biodiverse Amazon. Fire-brigade programmes funded directly from credit revenue.
👩‍⚕️
Women's Healthcare & Education
Majority of net cash flows reinvested in local health, education, and sustainable livelihoods for 105 communities.
🏡
Sustainable Local Livelihoods
Long-term social licence ensures permanence and genuine local cooperation, not just compliance.

Verified at Every Stage

Every Angel Offsets credit passes through five independent stages of oversight — from satellite data acquisition through to insured, financial-grade registration.

🛰
Satellite Acquisition
High-resolution remote sensing data from NASA and ESA. Regional, probability-weighted baselines. No developer assumptions.
🗺
Data Platform
Ecometrica Geospatial Platform hosts layered spatial datasets covering carbon stocks, vegetation types, and fire events.
🔬
Independent Audit
PwC audits the geospatial system. Frontierra verifies carbon accounting. NFS Panel provides methodological oversight.
📒
Ledger Registration
Northern Trust Carbon Ecosystem — immutable, financial-grade ledger. Enables custody, collateralisation and SWIFT-compatible settlement.
🛡
Insurance Protection
Underwritten by CFC Underwriting / Lloyd's of London. Insurance automatically transfers with ownership of each credit.

Quality You Can Prove, Not Just Claim

The difference between Angel Offsets credits and ordinary voluntary credits is structural — not just a matter of degree. Quantitatively stronger, structurally safer, socially fairer.

Criterion Ordinary Credits Angel Offsets Credits
Baseline Derivation Project-level, developer assumed Regional risk-based, satellite verified
Audit Oversight Variable 3rd-party quality PwC / Frontierra / NFS Panel
Financial Security None or limited Lloyd's of London + Northern Trust custody
Permanence Buffer 10–15% typical >20% plus insurance protection
Data Transparency Often opaque Public geospatial maps, independent API access
Community Return <30% typical Majority of net flows to local municipalities
Registry Hard to trace Northern Trust digital registry — immutable
ESG Reporting Limited quality assurance Full transparent audit trail for annual reports

Carbon Reduction Consulting

Offsets alone are not a sustainability strategy. Angel Offsets offers a structured consulting service that helps your business identify and act on real emission reductions first — then offset only what genuinely cannot be eliminated. This is how you build a credible, defensible net-zero position that withstands scrutiny from investors, customers, and regulators.

01
Measure
We begin with a full carbon footprint assessment across Scope 1, 2 and 3 — covering energy, travel, fleet, supply chain, waste, and procurement. Our calculator gives you a baseline picture immediately; a full verified inventory follows.
02
Reduce
Our consultants identify the highest-impact changes available to your business — from switching energy suppliers and improving building efficiency to redesigning procurement, travel policies, and supply chain choices. We prioritise the reductions that are practical, cost-effective, and verifiable.
03
Offset the Residual
Only after genuine reductions have been made do we recommend offsetting the residual emissions that cannot practicably be eliminated — using Angel Offsets high-integrity, insured natural capital credits from the Trocano Araretama project.
04
Report & Communicate
We help you produce clear, auditable sustainability reporting — showing your reduction trajectory, your offset purchases, and the independent verification behind each. Ready for annual reports, investor packs, and ESG disclosures.
Areas Where We Identify Reductions
Energy & Buildings
Switching to renewable energy tariffs, improving insulation and heating efficiency, LED lighting, and smart building controls. Often the single largest lever for office-based businesses.
Business Travel
Rail-first policies, virtual meeting protocols, consolidated travel, and class-of-travel guidelines. Travel is frequently the dominant Scope 3 emission source for professional services firms.
🚚
Fleet & Logistics
EV transition planning, route optimisation, driver behaviour programmes, and logistics consolidation. Particularly impactful for distribution, field services, and construction businesses.
🔗
Supply Chain
Supplier engagement programmes, procurement policy redesign, and selecting lower-carbon materials and services. Addresses Scope 3 category 1 — often 70%+ of total footprint for product companies.
Waste & Circular Economy
Reducing landfill waste, improving recycling rates, eliminating single-use plastics, and designing out waste from operations. Quick wins with both emissions and cost savings.
💻
Digital & IT Infrastructure
Cloud migration to low-carbon data centres, device lifecycle extension, and reducing unnecessary data storage and streaming. A fast-growing emission source for tech-intensive businesses.
The Result: A Credible, Defensible Net-Zero Position
Businesses that reduce first and offset the residual are far better protected against greenwashing accusations — and far more trusted by customers, investors, and regulators. Angel Offsets will help you get there.
Book a Reduction Review

Your Offset Should Work as Hard as You Do

Angel Offsets serves UK and European businesses and investors facing growing ESG pressure. We focus on markets where voluntary offsetting creates maximum commercial value — with minimum regulatory friction.

Tier 1 — Fastest Conversion
🏢
UK & EU Mid-Market Companies
Non-ETS companies in professional services, technology, logistics, food and consumer brands facing increasing investor and supply chain ESG scrutiny. The cleanest entry point for credible voluntary offsetting.
Tier 1 — Fastest Conversion
🔗
Supply Chain SMEs
Suppliers to large listed corporates being commercially pressured under CSRD and UK climate disclosure rules to show decarbonisation efforts and differentiate in tenders.
Tier 1 — Fastest Conversion
📊
Private Equity & Funds
UK and European PE funds requiring portfolio companies to develop decarbonisation plans and improve ESG ratings. Credits sold at fund level or across multiple portfolio companies.
Tier 2
Luxury & Premium Brands
Fashion, jewellery, premium food & beverage, and boutique hospitality brands in UK, France, Italy and Germany. The Trocano project's biodiversity and community narrative is commercially powerful for brand storytelling.
Tier 2
💎
High Net Worth & Family Offices
Personal footprint compensation and impact-oriented portfolios for HNW individuals and family offices in UK, Switzerland, France and Germany. Low friction, high margin, reputation sensitive.
Institutional
🏦
Banks & Corporates
Institutional investors seeking Digital Financial Assets (DFAs) on Northern Trust's Carbon Ecosystem — enabling custody, collateralisation, and SWIFT-compatible settlement within existing financial infrastructure.

Carbon Footprint Calculator

Use our comprehensive carbon footprint calculator to measure your organisation's Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions across energy, travel, fleet, supply chain and more. Then let us show you how Angel Offsets credits can help you reach net zero.

Methodology Statement
Angel Offsets Carbon Footprint Calculator  ·  2026
1. Standard and Framework

This calculator follows the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (World Resources Institute / WBCSD, 2004; revised 2013), the globally recognised framework for corporate greenhouse gas inventories. Emissions are quantified and reported across three scopes as defined by the GHG Protocol.

Organisational boundary is assumed on an operational control basis: all facilities and operations over which the reporting organisation has operational control are included.

2. Emission Factors

All emission factors are sourced from DEFRA UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting 2023, published July 2023. These are the most recently available factors at the time of this calculator's publication. Factors should be reviewed and updated each July when DEFRA publishes new annual guidance.

All factors express emissions in kg CO²e (carbon dioxide equivalent), incorporating CO², CH&sub4;, and N&sub2;O using IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) Global Warming Potentials unless otherwise stated. The refrigerant factor (R-410A) uses IPCC AR4 GWP as published in DEFRA 2023.

Flight factors include Radiative Forcing (RF) uplift, reflecting the additional climate impact of aviation at altitude. This is consistent with DEFRA guidance and GHG Protocol best practice for air travel.

3. Scope Definitions and Coverage
ScopeDefinitionCategories Covered
Scope 1Direct emissions from owned/controlled sourcesStationary combustion (gas, diesel, petrol, LPG, heating oil); fugitive refrigerant emissions
Scope 2Indirect emissions from purchased electricityGrid electricity — location-based (DEFRA UK grid average) or market-based (adjusted for renewable energy contracts)
Scope 3All other indirect value chain emissionsCategories 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13 (partial) — see table below
GHG Protocol CategoryNameCoverage
Cat 1Purchased goods and servicesSpend-based: physical goods (0.23 kg/£) and purchased services (0.12 kg/£) as separate fields; capital IT equipment (0.40 kg/£)
Cat 3Fuel and energy-related activitiesWell-to-tank upstream emissions for gas, diesel, petrol, LPG, heating oil (optional toggle)
Cat 4Upstream transportationFreight by van, HGV, sea, and air (t-km); courier parcels
Cat 5Waste generated in operationsLandfill (0.58742 kg/kg, DEFRA 2023) and recycling (0.021 kg/kg)
Cat 6Business travelFlights by class and route type (economy/premium/business/first, incl. RF); rail, bus, taxi; car business mileage (petrol/diesel and EV); hotel UK and international; training travel
Cat 7Employee commutingCar (petrol/diesel), EV, National Rail, bus, underground/metro
Cat 13Downstream leased assetsWater supply and wastewater (facility operations proxy)
4. Scope 2 — Location-Based vs Market-Based Approach

The GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance (2015) requires dual reporting where possible: a location-based figure (using grid average factors) and a market-based figure (using supplier-specific or contractual factors).

Location-based: UK grid average factor of 0.20705 kg CO²e/kWh (DEFRA 2023) applied to all grid electricity consumed.

Market-based: Where a renewable energy contract, Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), or Renewable Energy Guarantee of Origin (REGO) certificate covers a portion of electricity consumption, the market-based Scope 2 figure is reduced proportionally. Electricity covered by a qualifying instrument is treated as zero-carbon for Scope 2 purposes; the remainder uses the grid average factor. Users should retain documentation of their renewable energy instrument for audit purposes.

5. Well-to-Tank (Upstream Fuel) Emissions

Upstream (well-to-tank) emission factors capture the greenhouse gas emissions from extracting, refining, and transporting fuels before combustion. These are reported under GHG Protocol Category 3 (fuel and energy-related activities).

WTT factors used (DEFRA 2023): Natural Gas 0.02956 kg CO²e/kWh; Diesel 0.61024 kg CO²e/litre; Petrol 0.53349 kg CO²e/litre.

WTT is included as an optional toggle. It is excluded by default for comparability with inventories that report combustion-only Scope 1. Where WTT is enabled, this should be disclosed in the inventory report. WTT for electricity is not separately calculated as the DEFRA grid factor captures the full generation lifecycle.

6. Aviation — Seat Class Treatment

Aviation emission factors vary significantly by seat class, reflecting the greater space and structural weight attributed to premium cabins. DEFRA 2023 factors (including RF) used:

Route TypeClassFactor (kg CO²e/pass-km)vs Economy
Short-haul (<3,700 km)Economy0.158451.0×
Short-haulBusiness0.279671.76×
Long-haul (>3,700 km)Economy0.130281.0×
Long-haulPremium Economy0.158941.22×
Long-haulBusiness0.288082.21×
Long-haulFirst0.396373.04×
7. Proxy Estimation

Where direct activity data is unavailable, proxy estimates based on employee headcount and office floor area can supplement the inventory. The proxy is weighted according to the proportion of a typical UK SME footprint represented by each activity category. Categories are weighted to sum to 100%; ticking all categories reduces the proxy contribution to zero, preventing double-counting.

Category weights reflect approximate proportions of a typical UK office-based organisation's emissions profile and should not be cited as precise figures in formal disclosures. Proxy-based results are clearly separated from direct activity data in the results output and should be labelled as estimates in any disclosure document.

8. Known Limitations and Exclusions
  • Single UK grid factor: A single national average electricity factor is used. Organisations with site-specific grid connections (e.g. wind-only supply) should use supplier-specific factors in formal disclosures.
  • Commuting data: Commuting emissions depend on self-reported or estimated employee travel patterns, which may be subject to significant uncertainty. A ±30% uncertainty range is typical for this category.
  • Food factor: The default 5.0 kg CO²e/meal assumes a mixed diet including meat. This figure can be 60–85% lower for vegetarian or vegan meals. Organisations with primarily plant-based catering should adjust inputs accordingly.
  • Purchased goods (spend-based): Spend-based factors carry high uncertainty (typically ±50%) and are a last-resort approach. Activity-based data (e.g. weight of materials purchased) should be used in formal disclosures wherever available.
  • IT and digital factors: Cloud, mobile, and device-hour factors are estimates from IEA and GSMA data and carry high uncertainty. They are appropriate for indicative assessments only.
  • Categories not covered: Downstream transport (Cat 9), processing of sold products (Cat 10), use of sold products (Cat 11), end-of-life treatment of sold products (Cat 12 for non-waste items), downstream leased assets (Cat 13 beyond facility operations), franchises (Cat 14), investments (Cat 15).
  • Biogenic CO²: Not separately reported. Biogenic emissions from biomass fuels should be reported separately in formal disclosures.
9. Offset Credit Methodology

Credit quantities are calculated by applying a multiplier to total tonnes CO²e and rounding up to the nearest whole credit (fractional credits cannot be purchased). The price shown is indicative only — contact Angel Offsets for a confirmed quote.

Credits are Natural Capital Credits (NCCs) from the Trocano Araretama Conservation Project (NFS001), a jurisdictional REDD+ project covering 1.34 million hectares in the Municipality of Borba, Amazonas, Brazil. Credits are verified under the Natural Forest Standard (NFS) and issued by the Ecosystem Certification Organisation (ECO). Credits are structured as Digital Financial Assets on the Northern Trust Carbon Ecosystem™ platform.

Purchasing carbon credits does not substitute for reducing emissions. Credits are recommended as a complement to a credible emissions reduction plan, not a replacement for it.

10. Version and Review

Calculator version: v4. Emission factors last updated: July 2023 (DEFRA 2023). Methodology statement issued: March 2026.

DEFRA publishes updated conversion factors annually, typically in July. This calculator and its methodology statement should be reviewed and updated each year. Results from different reporting years should not be directly compared without confirming consistent factor vintages.

Issued by Angel Offsets. This tool is provided for indicative purposes and does not constitute a formal GHG inventory or verified emissions report. For a verified corporate carbon footprint, organisations should engage an accredited third-party verification body.

Welcome
Start your carbon assessment
✓ v4 — DEFRA 2023 · GHG Protocol Compliant

Measure Your
Carbon Impact

A GHG Protocol-aligned carbon footprint calculator covering all three scopes. Emission factors verified against DEFRA 2023 UK Government guidance. Results include a full scope breakdown and offset credit recommendations.

01
Enter your activity data by scope
02
We calculate your total CO₂e footprint
03
Receive tailored offset recommendations
Step 1 of 8

Company Details

Tell us about your organisation so we can contextualise your footprint.

Company / Organisation Name
Industry Sector
Reporting Year
Country of Operation
● Scope 1 — Direct Emissions

On-Site Fuel &
Refrigerant Use

Emissions from sources your organisation directly owns or controls. Leave blank for activities that don’t apply.

Include well-to-tank (WTT) upstream fuel emissions — GHG Protocol Category 3; excluded by default
Fuel Combustion
Natural Gas ?
kWh
DEFRA 2023 · 0.18316 kg CO₂e/kWh combustion
Diesel (on-site) ?
litres
DEFRA 2023 · 2.544 kg CO₂e/litre combustion
Petrol (on-site) ?
litres
DEFRA 2023 · 2.315 kg CO₂e/litre combustion
Refrigerant Leakage (R-410A) ?
kg
DEFRA 2023 · 2,088 kg CO₂e/kg (IPCC AR4 GWP)
LPG (bottled or piped) ?
litres
DEFRA 2023 · 1.555 kg CO₂e/litre
Heating Oil / Kerosene ?
litres
DEFRA 2023 · 2.540 kg CO₂e/litre
● Scope 2 — Purchased Energy

Grid Electricity

GHG Protocol requires both location-based and market-based Scope 2 reporting where possible. Select your approach below.

Scope 2 Reporting Method
Location-based — UK grid average (0.20705 kg CO₂e/kWh)
Market-based — I have a renewable energy contract (PPA / REGO)
Market-based Scope 2: Enter the percentage of your electricity covered by a qualifying renewable energy contract, PPA, or REGO certificate. That portion will be treated as zero-carbon for Scope 2 purposes. Retain contract documentation for audit purposes. Both location-based and market-based figures will be shown in your results.
Renewable Energy Coverage ?
%
GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance 2015 — market-based method
Total Electricity Consumed ?
kWh/yr
★ DEFRA 2023 · 0.20705 kg CO₂e/kWh (was 0.19338 in DEFRA 2022)
● Scope 3 — Travel & Commuting

Business Travel &
Employee Commuting

Enter annual organisation-wide totals. For passenger-km, multiply passengers × distance in km. Aviation factors include radiative forcing.

Air Travel — Short-Haul (<3,700 km) e.g. UK domestic, European
Short-Haul — Economy ?
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.15845 kg CO₂e/pass-km incl. RF
Short-Haul — Business Class ?
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.27967 kg CO₂e/pass-km incl. RF
Air Travel — Long-Haul (>3,700 km) e.g. transatlantic, Asia-Pacific
Long-Haul — Economy
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.13028 kg CO₂e/pass-km incl. RF
Long-Haul — Premium Economy
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.15894 kg CO₂e/pass-km incl. RF
Long-Haul — Business Class ?
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.28808 kg CO₂e/pass-km incl. RF
Long-Haul — First Class ?
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.39637 kg CO₂e/pass-km incl. RF
Business Ground Travel
National Rail ?
pass-km
★ DEFRA 2023 · 0.03549 kg CO₂e/pass-km
Bus Travel ?
pass-km
★ DEFRA 2023 · 0.10312 kg CO₂e/pass-km
Taxi / Rideshare
pass-km
★ DEFRA 2023 · 0.14931 kg CO₂e/pass-km
Hotel Stays (UK) ?
nights
DEFRA 2023 · 26.1 kg CO₂e/night
Hotel Stays (International) ?
nights
DEFRA 2023 · 24.0 kg CO₂e/night (international average)
Business Mileage — Car (petrol/diesel) ?
km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.171 kg CO₂e/km (average car)
Business Mileage — EV ?
km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.04313 kg CO₂e/km (UK grid)
Training / Conference Travel (car) ?
km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.171 kg CO₂e/km
Employee Commuting — annual totals across all staff
Commuting — Car ?
km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.171 kg CO₂e/km
Commuting — National Rail ?
pass-km
★ New row · DEFRA 2023 · 0.03549 kg CO₂e/pass-km
Commuting — Bus ?
pass-km
★ New row · DEFRA 2023 · 0.10312 kg CO₂e/pass-km
Commuting — Underground / Metro ?
pass-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.02826 kg CO₂e/pass-km
Commuting — Electric Vehicle ?
km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.04313 kg CO₂e/km (UK grid)
● Scope 3 — Supply Chain

Procurement, Logistics
& Waste

Indirect emissions from goods, services, logistics, and waste generated by your organisation.

Procurement Spend
Note on spend-based factors: These carry high uncertainty (±50% typical). They are appropriate for indicative assessments. Formal disclosures should use activity-based data (weight of materials, etc.) wherever available.
Purchased Goods (physical) ?
£ GBP
DEFRA 2023 spend-based · 0.23 kg CO₂e/£
Purchased Services ?
£ GBP
DEFRA 2023 spend-based · 0.12 kg CO₂e/£
Capital Goods — IT Equipment ?
£ GBP
DEFRA 2023 · 0.40 kg CO₂e/£
Transport & Delivery
Upstream Freight — Van ?
t-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.147 kg CO₂e/t-km
Upstream Freight — HGV ?
t-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.10234 kg CO₂e/t-km
Upstream Freight — Sea ?
t-km
DEFRA 2023 · 0.01617 kg CO₂e/t-km
Upstream Freight — Air ?
t-km
DEFRA 2023 · 1.13 kg CO₂e/t-km
Courier / Parcel Delivery
parcels
Industry estimate · 0.35 kg CO₂e/parcel
Waste Generated in Operations
Waste — General Landfill ?
kg
★ Corrected · DEFRA 2023 · 0.58742 kg CO₂e/kg (mixed waste)
Waste — Recycling (mixed) ?
kg
★ New row · DEFRA 2023 · 0.021 kg CO₂e/kg
Water
Water Supply
DEFRA 2023 · 0.344 kg CO₂e/m³
Wastewater Treatment
DEFRA 2023 · 0.708 kg CO₂e/m³
● Scope 3 — Operations & IT

Office Operations &
Digital Footprint

Day-to-day office activities, digital infrastructure, and employee remote working.

Paper & Printing
⚠ Avoid double-counting: Enter either paper reams purchased OR sheets printed — not both. Entering reams already captures paper manufacturing. The printing row covers toner and device energy only.
Paper — A4 Reams Purchased ?
reams
DEFRA 2023 · 6.1 kg CO₂e/ream
⚠ Both reams and sheets entered — please clear one to avoid double-counting.
Printing — Toner & Energy Only ?
sheets
★ Corrected · 0.005 kg CO₂e/sheet (toner & energy only)
⚠ Both reams and sheets entered — please clear one to avoid double-counting.
Office Activities
Food & Catering ?
meals
DEFRA 2023 / Poore & Nemecek · 5.0 kg CO₂e/meal (mixed diet)
IT Equipment Usage ?
dev-hrs
Estimate ~100W on UK grid · 0.05 kg CO₂e/hr
Digital & Remote Work
Employee Homeworking
emp-days
UK Govt guidance · 0.023 kg CO₂e/day
Web Hosting / Website ?
GB/mo
★ Corrected · Carbon Trust 2021 · 0.06 kg CO₂e/GB · annualised ×12
Cloud Computing (annual)
GB/yr
IEA 2022 · 0.004 kg CO₂e/GB
Mobile Data (annual)
GB/yr
GSMA / Carbon Trust · 0.05 kg CO₂e/GB
Optional

Proxy Estimator

If your activity data is incomplete, proxy estimates based on headcount and office size can fill the gaps. Tick each category where you’ve already entered direct data — the proxy reduces automatically with no double-counting.

How it works: Category weights sum to 100%. Ticking all categories drives the proxy to zero. Only uncovered categories contribute a proportional proxy estimate.
Enable proxy estimation for incomplete categories
Number of Employees (FTE) ?
FTE
Office Floor Area ?
Tick each category where you have entered direct data above
Electricity, Gas & Fuel
35%
Business Travel & Commuting (flights, rail, bus, taxi, hotel)
25%
Deliveries & Purchased Goods
12%
IT, Paper & Printing
10%
Capital Goods (Equipment Purchases)
8%
Water & Waste
5%
Cloud, Web Hosting & Mobile Data
3%
Remote Work / Homeworking Energy
2%
Proxy adjustment factor applied
Weights sum to 100% · 100% = full proxy · 0% = no proxy (all categories covered)
100%
Your Carbon Assessment

Results & Offset
Recommendations

Total Carbon Footprint
0.00
tonnes CO₂e per year
Scope 1 — Direct
0.00
t CO₂e
Scope 2 — Purchased Energy
0.00
t CO₂e (location-based)
Scope 3 — Direct Activity
0.00
t CO₂e
Scope 3 — Proxy Estimate
0.00
t CO₂e
Offset Strategies
£
Indicative only — contact us for your actual quote
Carbon Neutral
1× baseline
0
credits required
Total: £0
Climate Positive
1.25× — exceed neutrality
0
credits required
Total: £0
Leadership
2× — double offset commitment
0
credits required
Total: £0
Methodology: GHG Protocol Corporate Standard (WRI/WBCSD 2004, rev. 2013) · Operational control boundary · Emission factors: DEFRA UK Government GHG Conversion Factors 2023 · All values in kg CO₂e (AR5 GWPs) · Aviation includes radiative forcing · Scope 2 location-based by default · WTT optional (Cat. 3) ·
Calculator v4 · March 2026 · Review factors each July when DEFRA publishes updates · This tool provides indicative estimates only; formal GHG inventories require third-party verification.
Reference Document

Methodology Statement

Full methodological basis for this calculator. Version 4 · March 2026.

1. Standard and Framework

This calculator follows the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (World Resources Institute / WBCSD, 2004; revised 2013), the globally recognised framework for corporate greenhouse gas inventories. Emissions are quantified and reported across three scopes as defined by the GHG Protocol.

Organisational boundary is assumed on an operational control basis: all facilities and operations over which the reporting organisation has operational control are included.

2. Emission Factors

All emission factors are sourced from DEFRA UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting 2023, published July 2023. These are the most recently available factors at the time of this calculator's publication. Factors should be reviewed and updated each July when DEFRA publishes new annual guidance.

All factors express emissions in kg CO²e (carbon dioxide equivalent), incorporating CO², CH&sub4;, and N&sub2;O using IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) Global Warming Potentials unless otherwise stated. The refrigerant factor (R-410A) uses IPCC AR4 GWP as published in DEFRA 2023.

Flight factors include Radiative Forcing (RF) uplift, reflecting the additional climate impact of aviation at altitude. This is consistent with DEFRA guidance and GHG Protocol best practice for air travel.

3. Scope Definitions and Coverage
ScopeDefinitionCategories Covered
Scope 1Direct emissions from owned/controlled sourcesStationary combustion (gas, diesel, petrol, LPG, heating oil); fugitive refrigerant emissions
Scope 2Indirect emissions from purchased electricityGrid electricity — location-based (DEFRA UK grid average) or market-based (adjusted for renewable energy contracts)
Scope 3All other indirect value chain emissionsCategories 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13 (partial) — see table below
GHG Protocol CategoryNameCoverage
Cat 1Purchased goods and servicesSpend-based: physical goods (0.23 kg/£) and purchased services (0.12 kg/£) as separate fields; capital IT equipment (0.40 kg/£)
Cat 3Fuel and energy-related activitiesWell-to-tank upstream emissions for gas, diesel, petrol, LPG, heating oil (optional toggle)
Cat 4Upstream transportationFreight by van, HGV, sea, and air (t-km); courier parcels
Cat 5Waste generated in operationsLandfill (0.58742 kg/kg, DEFRA 2023) and recycling (0.021 kg/kg)
Cat 6Business travelFlights by class and route type (economy/premium/business/first, incl. RF); rail, bus, taxi; car business mileage (petrol/diesel and EV); hotel UK and international; training travel
Cat 7Employee commutingCar (petrol/diesel), EV, National Rail, bus, underground/metro
Cat 13Downstream leased assetsWater supply and wastewater (facility operations proxy)
4. Scope 2 — Location-Based vs Market-Based Approach

The GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance (2015) requires dual reporting where possible: a location-based figure (using grid average factors) and a market-based figure (using supplier-specific or contractual factors).

Location-based: UK grid average factor of 0.20705 kg CO²e/kWh (DEFRA 2023) applied to all grid electricity consumed.

Market-based: Where a renewable energy contract, Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), or Renewable Energy Guarantee of Origin (REGO) certificate covers a portion of electricity consumption, the market-based Scope 2 figure is reduced proportionally. Electricity covered by a qualifying instrument is treated as zero-carbon for Scope 2 purposes; the remainder uses the grid average factor. Users should retain documentation of their renewable energy instrument for audit purposes.

5. Well-to-Tank (Upstream Fuel) Emissions

Upstream (well-to-tank) emission factors capture the greenhouse gas emissions from extracting, refining, and transporting fuels before combustion. These are reported under GHG Protocol Category 3 (fuel and energy-related activities).

WTT factors used (DEFRA 2023): Natural Gas 0.02956 kg CO²e/kWh; Diesel 0.61024 kg CO²e/litre; Petrol 0.53349 kg CO²e/litre; LPG 0.17536 kg CO²e/litre; Heating Oil 0.59295 kg CO²e/litre.

WTT is included as an optional toggle. It is excluded by default for comparability with inventories that report combustion-only Scope 1. Where WTT is enabled, this should be disclosed in the inventory report.

6. Aviation — Seat Class Treatment

Aviation emission factors vary significantly by seat class, reflecting the greater space and structural weight attributed to premium cabins. DEFRA 2023 factors (including RF) used:

Route TypeClassFactor (kg CO²e/pass-km)vs Economy
Short-haul (<3,700 km)Economy0.158451.0×
Short-haulBusiness0.279671.76×
Long-haul (>3,700 km)Economy0.130281.0×
Long-haulPremium Economy0.158941.22×
Long-haulBusiness0.288082.21×
Long-haulFirst0.396373.04×
7. Proxy Estimation

Where direct activity data is unavailable, proxy estimates based on employee headcount and office floor area can supplement the inventory. Category weights sum to exactly 100%; ticking all categories reduces the proxy contribution to zero, preventing double-counting.

Category weights reflect approximate proportions of a typical UK office-based organisation's emissions profile. Proxy-based results are clearly separated from direct activity data in the results output and should be labelled as estimates in any disclosure document.

8. Known Limitations and Exclusions
  • Single UK grid factor: A single national average electricity factor is used. Organisations with site-specific grid connections should use supplier-specific factors in formal disclosures.
  • Commuting data: Commuting emissions depend on self-reported or estimated employee travel patterns. A ±30% uncertainty range is typical for this category.
  • Food factor: The default 5.0 kg CO²e/meal assumes a mixed diet including meat. This figure is 60–85% lower for vegetarian or vegan meals.
  • Purchased goods (spend-based): Spend-based factors carry high uncertainty (typically ±50%) and are a last-resort approach. Activity-based data should be used in formal disclosures wherever available.
  • IT and digital factors: Cloud, mobile, and device-hour factors carry high uncertainty and are appropriate for indicative assessments only.
  • Categories not covered: Downstream transport (Cat 9), processing of sold products (Cat 10), use of sold products (Cat 11), end-of-life of sold products (Cat 12), franchises (Cat 14), investments (Cat 15).
  • Biogenic CO²: Not separately reported. Biogenic emissions from biomass fuels should be reported separately in formal disclosures.
9. Offset Credit Methodology

Credit quantities are calculated by applying a multiplier to total tonnes CO²e and rounding up to the nearest whole credit. The price shown is indicative only — contact Angel Offsets for a confirmed quote.

Credits are Natural Capital Credits (NCCs) from the Trocano Araretama Conservation Project (NFS001), a jurisdictional REDD+ project covering 1.34 million hectares in Amazonas, Brazil. Verified under the Natural Forest Standard (NFS) and issued by the Ecosystem Certification Organisation (ECO). Credits are structured as Digital Financial Assets on the Northern Trust Carbon Ecosystem™ platform.

Purchasing carbon credits does not substitute for reducing emissions. Credits are recommended as a complement to a credible emissions reduction plan, not a replacement for it.

10. Version and Review

Calculator version: v4. Emission factors last updated: July 2023 (DEFRA 2023). Methodology statement issued: March 2026.

DEFRA publishes updated conversion factors annually, typically in July. This calculator and its methodology statement should be reviewed and updated each year.

Issued by Angel Offsets. This tool is provided for indicative purposes and does not constitute a formal GHG inventory or verified emissions report. For a verified corporate carbon footprint, organisations should engage an accredited third-party verification body.

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